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<title>Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïî íàçíà÷åíèþ ïðîäîëüíûõ óêëîíîâ ïðè ïðîåêòèðîâàíèè àâòîìîáèëüíûõ äîðîã</title>
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<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:center;
border:none;padding:0cm;'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'>ÌÈÍÈÑÒÅÐÑÒÂÎ ÒÐÀÍÑÏÎÐÒÍÎÃÎ ÑÒÐÎÈÒÅËÜÑÒÂÀ</span></b></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>ÃÎÑÓÄÀÐÑÒÂÅÍÍÛÉ
ÂÑÅÑÎÞÇÍÛÉ ÄÎÐÎÆÍÛÉ <br>
ÍÀÓ×ÍÎ ÈÑÑËÅÄÎÂÀÒÅËÜÑÊÈÉ ÈÍÑÒÈÒÓÒ <br>
(ÑÎÞÇÄÎÐÍÈÈ)</span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>ÌÅÒÎÄÈ×ÅÑÊÈÅ
ÐÅÊÎÌÅÍÄÀÖÈÈ <br>
</span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'>ÏÎ ÍÀÇÍÀ×ÅÍÈÞ ÏÐÎÄÎËÜÍÛÕ ÓÊËÎÍΠ<br>
ÏÐÈ ÏÐÎÅÊÒÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÈ ÀÂÒÎÌÎÁÈËÜÍÛÕ ÄÎÐÎÃ</span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-bottom:12.0pt;text-align:center'><b><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Ìîñêâà 1975</span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Îäîáðåíû
Ãëàâòðàíñïðîåêòîì</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=right style='margin-bottom:6.0pt;text-align:right;
text-indent:296.25pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Ìèíòðàíññòðîÿ</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:14.15pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Ñîñòàâëåíû
â ðàçâèòèå è äîïîëíåíèå ÑÍèÏ </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>II</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>-Ä.5-72
â ÷àñòè îáîñíîâàíèÿ ýëåìåíòîâ ïðîäîëüíîãî ïðîôèëÿ ñðàâíåíèåì ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ
ïîêàçàòåëåé âàðèàíòîâ: ñòîèìîñòè ñòðîèòåëüñòâà, çàòðàò íà ðåìîíò è ñîäåðæàíèå
äîðîã, ñåáåñòîèìîñòè ïåðåâîçîê è ñòåïåíè áåçîïàñíîñòè äâèæåíèÿ.</span></p>
<h1><a name="_Toc114317241">Ïðåäèñëîâèå</a></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:14.15pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Ïðîäîëüíûå
óêëîíû, ÿâëÿÿñü îäíèì èç îñíîâíûõ ýëåìåíòîâ àâòîìîáèëüíûõ äîðîã, çíà÷èòåëüíî
âëèÿþò íà ðåæèì äâèæåíèÿ êàê îäèíî÷íûõ àâòîìîáèëåé, òàê è àâòîìîáèëüíîãî
ïîòîêà. Íà ó÷àñòêàõ ïîäúåìà ïðîèñõîäèò çíà÷èòåëüíîå ñíèæåíèå ñêîðîñòè òÿæåëûõ
ãðóçîâûõ àâòîìîáèëåé, ÷òî âûçûâàåò ðåçêîå ñíèæåíèå ñðåäíåé ñêîðîñòè
àâòîìîáèëüíîãî ïîòîêà, óìåíüøåíèå âåëè÷èíû ïðîïóñêíîé ñïîñîáíîñòè è ïîâûøåíèå
àâàðèéíîñòè äâèæåíèÿ. Ñ äðóãîé ñòîðîíû, óìåíüøåíèå âåëè÷èíû ïðîäîëüíûõ óêëîíîâ,
êàê ïðàâèëî, ñâÿçàíî ñ óâåëè÷åíèåì îáúåìà çåìëÿíûõ ðàáîò è ñòîèìîñòè
ñòðîèòåëüñòâà.</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:14.15pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>«Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïî íàçíà÷åíèþ
ïðîäîëüíûõ óêëîíîâ ïðè ïðîåêòèðîâàíèè àâòîìîáèëüíûõ äîðîã» ðàçðàáîòàíû â
ðàçâèòèå ÑÍèÏ </span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:EN-US'>II</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>-Ä.5-72
äëÿ òåõíèêî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêîãî îáîñíîâàíèÿ ïðîäîëüíûõ óêëîíîâ ïðè ïðîåêòèðîâàíèè
äîðîã.  «Ìåòîäè÷åñêèõ ðåêîìåíäàöèÿõ» îáîáùåíû îòå÷åñòâåííûé è çàðóáåæíûé îïûò
íàçíà÷åíèÿ óêëîíîâ, ó÷òåíû ðåçóëüòàòû èññëåäîâàíèé ðåæèìîâ äâèæåíèÿ àâòîìîáèëåé
íà óêëîíàõ, îïðåäåëåíû ìàêñèìàëüíûå è ñðåäíèå ñêîðîñòè äâèæåíèÿ íà ïîäúåìàõ è
ñïóñêàõ ïðè ðàçëè÷íûõ ñî÷åòàíèÿõ íàèáîëüøèõ ïðîäîëüíûõ óêëîíîâ ñ êðèâûìè â
ïëàíå.</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:14.15pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>«Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè» ñîñòàâèë èíæ.
Á.Á. Àíîõèí ïðè ó÷àñòèè èíæåíåðîâ Í.Ñ. Áåççóáèê, À.Â. Èîíîâà, Â.È. Êëî÷êîâîé,
Á.À. Ùèò è Î.Í. ßêîâëåâà ïîä îáùèì ðóêîâîäñòâîì êàíä. òåõí. íàóê Í.Ô.
Õîðîøèëîâà, à òàêæå ïðè ó÷àñòèè êàíäèäàòîâ òåõíè÷åñêèõ íàóê Þ.Ì. Ñèòíèêîâà è
Â.Â. Ñèëüÿíîâà (ÌÀÄÈ).</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:14.15pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Âñå
ïîæåëàíèÿ è çàìå÷àíèÿ ïðîñüáà íàïðàâëÿòü ïî àäðåñó: 143900 Áàëàøèõà-6
Ìîñêîâñêîé îáë., Ñîþçäîðíèè.</span></p>
<h1><a name="_Toc114317242">Îáùèå ïîëîæåíèÿ</a></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:14.15pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>1. Íàñòîÿùèå «Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè»
ïðåäíàçíà÷åíû äëÿ òåõíèêî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêîãî îáîñíîâàíèÿ îïòèìàëüíûõ óêëîíîâ
ïðîäîëüíîãî ïðîôèëÿ ïðè ïðîåêòèðîâàíèè íîâûõ àâòîìîáèëüíûõ äîðîã è ðåêîíñòðóêöèè
ñóùåñòâóþùèõ.</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:14.15pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>2. «Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè» ðàçðàáîòàíû
â ðàçâèòèå è äîïîëíåíèå ãëàâû ÑÍèÏ </span><span style='font-size:
12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>II</span><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>-Ä.5-72 â ÷àñòè îáîñíîâàíèÿ ýëåìåíòîâ ïðîäîëüíîãî ïðîôèëÿ
ñðàâíåíèåì òåõíèêî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ ïîêàçàòåëåé âàðèàíòîâ: ñòîèìîñòè
ñòðîèòåëüñòâà, çàòðàò íà ðåìîíò è ñîäåðæàíèå äîðîã, ñåáåñòîèìîñòè ïåðåâîçîê è
ñòåïåíè áåçîïàñíîñòè äâèæåíèÿ.</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:14.15pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'>Ïðè
âûáîðå âàðèàíòà òðàññû íåîáõîäèìî ó÷èòûâàòü ðàçíèöó â ñòîèìîñòè è
ïðîäóêòèâíîñòè çàíèìàåìûõ çåìåëü, à â ñëó÷àÿõ ïðîëîæåíèÿ ïðîåêòèðóåìûõ äîðîã ïî
ñïðÿìëåííûì íàïðàâëåíèÿì îïðåäåëÿòü òàêæå çàòðàòû íà ïðèâåäåíèå çåìåëü,
çàíèìàåìûõ ñóùåñòâóþùèìè äîðîãàìè, â ïðèãîäíîå äëÿ èñïîëüçîâàíèÿ â ñåëüñêîì
õîçÿéñòâå ñîñòîÿíèå.</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify;text-indent:14.15pt'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New"'>3. Ïðîäîëüíûé ïðîôèëü àâòîìîáèëüíûõ äîðîã
ñëåäóåò ïðîåêòèðîâàòü èç óñëîâèÿ íàèìåíüøåãî îãðàíè÷åíèÿ ñêîðîñòè è îáåñ