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EN 50399:2011
Commontestmethodsforcablesunderfireconditions-
Heatreleaseandsmokeproductionmeasuremcntoncablesduringflamespreadtest-Testapparatus, procedures, results
EN 50399
ICS 13.220 40; 29.060.20
English version
Common test methods for cables under fire conditions -Heat release and smoke production measurement on cables during flamespread test -Test apparatus, procedures, results
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-02-28. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical StandardizationComite Europeen de Normalisation ElectrotechniqueEuropaisches Komitee fur Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Mamix 17,
Foreword
This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 20, Electric cables.
The text of the draft was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50399 on 2011-02-28.
The following dates were fixed:
- latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2012-02-28
- latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2014-02-28 Contents
Introduction 5
1 Scope 7
2 Normative references 7
3 Terms and definitions 7
4 Test apparatus 8
4.1 General 8
4.2 Air input 9
4.3 Hood 9
4.4 Exhaust duct 10
4.5 Instrumentation in the exhaust duct 10
4.6 Extracting ventilator 11
4.7 Smoke production measuring equipment 11
4.8 Combustion gas analysis equipment 12
5 Qualification of test apparatus 12
5.1 General 12
5.2 Flow distribution measurements 12
5.3 Sampling delay time measurement 13
5.4 Commissioning calibrations 13
5.5 Routine calibration 13
6 Test procedure 14
6.1 Initial test conditions 14
6.2 Test sample 14
6.3 Sample conditioning 14
6.4 Determination of the number of test pieces 15
6.5 Mounting of the test sample 16
6.6 Exhaust volume flow 17
6.7 Ignition source 17
6.8 Flame application time 17
6.9 Testing operations 18
6.10 Observations and measurements during the test 18
7 Determination of parameters derived from the test 19
7.1 Calculation of HRR and SPR parameters 19
7.2 Determination of extent of flame spread FS 19
8 Test report 20
8.1 General 20
8.2 Contents 20
Annex A (normative) Calculation of heat release 31
A.1 Volume flow 31
A.2 Generated heat effect 31
A.3 Calculation of the mole fraction of water vapour in the air 33
Annex В? (normative) Smoke production 34
Annex C (informative) Additional information on Reynolds number in Figure 5 35
Annex D (normative) Flow distribution inside the duct 36
D.1 General 36
D.2 Velocity profile factor k c 36
Annex E.1 General procedures for separate pieces of equipment 39
E.2 Gas analyser calibrations 39
E.3 HRR calibrations 40
E.4 Smoke measurement system calibration 44
Annex F (informative) Guidance for calibration procedures for specific measuring equipment 47
F.1 General procedures for separate pieces of equipment 47
F.2 Gas analyser calibrations 47
F.3 Check of propane mass flow controller or rotameter 47
F.4 Optical filter check for white light systems 48
Annex G (normative) Calculation of HRR av , SPR ar and FJGRA 49
G. 1 Calculation of HRR m 49
G.2 Calculation of SPR m 50
G.3 Calculation of the Fire Growth Rate Index (FIG RA) 50
Annex H (informative) Guidance on the choice of test equipment 51
Annex I (informative) Guidance on the file format for data from the test 52
Bibliography 56
Figures
Figure 1 - General arrangement of test apparatus 22
Figure 2 - Schematic of a hood 23
Figure 3 - Typical guide vanes 24
Figure 4 - Bidirectional probe 25
Figure 5 - Probe response versus Reynolds number 26
Figure 6 - Sampling probe 27
Figure 7 - Schematic diagram of sampling line 28
Figure 8 - Optical system - General arrangement 29
Figure 9 - Mounting arrangement for Class B1ca 30
Figure D. 1 - Section of the exhaust duct - Positions for measurement of the gas velocity 37
Figure E. 1 - Overview of commissioning calibrations 46
Tables
Table 1 - Mounting as a function of cable diameter 17
Table E.1 - Burner ignition times and HRR levels 41
Table E.2 - Example of determination of commissioning Table 1.1 - Example of the recommended raw data file format 53
Introduction
EN 50399 specifies the test apparatus and test procedures for the assessment of the reaction to fire performance of cables to enable classification under the Construction Products Directive [1] to be achieved.
The test method describes an intermediate scale fire test of multiple cables mounted on a vertical cable ladder and is carried out with a specified ignition source to evaluate the burning behaviour of such cables and enable a direct declaration of performance. The test provides data for the early stages of a cable fire from ignition of cables. It addresses the hazard of propagation of flames along the cable, the potential, by the measurement of the heat release rate, for the fire to affect areas adjacent to the compartment of origin, and the hazard, by the measurement of production of light obstructing smoke, of reduced visibility in the room of origin and surrounding enclosures.
The following parameters may be determined under defined conditions during the test:
a) flame spread;
b) heat release rate;
c) total heat release;
d) smoke production rate;
e) total smoke production;
f) fire growth rate index;
g) occurrence of flaming droplets/particles .
The apparatus is based upon that of EN 60332-3-10 but with additional instrumentation to measure heat release and smoke production during the test. It has been demonstrated [3] that the utilisation of these additional measurement techniques, proven for other standard tests, e.g. for building products, are appropriate for assessing the reaction to fire performance of electric cables. These techniques include heat release and smoke production measurements. Compared with existing test methods described in EN 60332-3-10, they enable a more comprehensive assessment system, which is both more precise and sensitive, and enables a wider range of fire performance levels.
Care should be exercised in relating the parameters measured to different safety levels in actual cable installations as the actual installed configuration of the cables may be a major determinant in the level of flame spread, heat release and smoke production occurring in an actual fire. These parameters depend upon a number of features, such as
a) the volume of combustible material exposed to the fire and to any flaming or heat which may be produced by the combustion of the cables;
b) the geometrical configuration of the cables and their relationship to an enclosure;
c) the temperature at which it is possible to ignite the gases emitted from the cables;
d) the quantity of combustible gas released from the cables for a given temperature rise;
e) the volume of air passing through the cable installation;
f) the construction of the cable, e.g. armoured or unarmoured, multi or single core.
All of the foregoing assumes that the cables are able to be ignited when involved in an external fire.
The conditions of cable mounting, including volume of material exposed and geometrical configuration of the cables on the test ladder, and volume of airflow through the chamber have been chosen to be in accordance with that required by the Commission Decision 2006/751/EC [2]. CENELEC has not been involved in the definition of these parameters. These standardised conditions provide the basis for classification but do not necessarily correspond to conditions found in a particular cable installation.
NOTE Further information on the use of standardised conditions for classification with respect to product end-use application may be found in European Commission Guidance Paper G [4].
EN 50399 gives details of the apparatus to be used in conjunction with the equipment described in EN 60332-3-10 in order to carry out the measurement of heat release and smoke production during the test. Details of the test procedures are also given. 1 Scope
EN 50399 specifies the apparatus and methods of test for the assessment of vertical flame spread, heat release, smoke production and occurrence of flaming droplets/particles of vertically-mounted bunched wires or cables, electrical or optical, under defined conditions.
NOTE For the purpose of this standard the term "electric wire or cable" covers all insulated metallic conductor cables used for the conveyance of energy or signals.
EN 50399 details the apparatus and the arrangement and calibration of the instrumentation to be installed in order to measure the heat release and the smoke production during the test. The combustion gases are collected in a hood above the test chamber and conveyed through an exhaust system, which allows the measurement of heat release rate and smoke production. Test proced