ДСТУ-Н EN 1991-1-2:2010
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2011
1 2 3 EN 1991-1-2:2002 - - 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.3 1.5.4 1.6 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.3 3.3.1 3.3.1.1 3.3.1.2 3.3.1.3 3.3.2 4 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.3 4.3.1 4.3.2 4.3.3 В?.1 В?.2 В?.3 В?.3.1 В?.3.2 В?.4 В?.4.1 В?.4.2 В?.5 D.1 D.2 D.3 Е?.1 Е?.2 Е?.2.1 Е?.2.2 Е?.2.3 Е?.2.4 Е?.2.5 Е?.2.6 Е?.3 Е?.4 G.1 G.2 G.3 CEN/TC 250 FOREWORD
This document (EN 1991-1-2:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC250 “Structural Eurocodes”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
CEN/TC250 is responsible for Eurocode 1.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at latest by December 2009.
This document supersedes
ENV 1991-2-2:1995.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the National Standard Organizations of the following countries are bound to implement these European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Part 1-2. General actions. Actions on structures exposed to fire
In 1975, the Commission of the European Community decided on an action programme in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was the elimination of technical obstacles to trade and the harmonization of technical specifications.
Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonized technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first stage, would serve as an alternative to the national rules in force in the Member States and, ultimately, would replace them.
For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a Steering Committee with Representatives of Member States, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s.
In 1989, the Commission and the Member States of the EU and EFTA decided, on the basis of an agreement 1 between the Commission and CEN, to transfer the preparation and the publication of the Eurocodes to CEN through a series of Mandates, in order to provide them with a future status of European Standard (EN). This links de facto the Eurocodes with the provisions of all the Council’s Directives and/or Commission’s Decisions dealing with European standards ( e.g. the Council Directive 89/106/EEC on construction products - CPD - and Council Directives 93/37/EEC, 92/50/EEC and 89/440/EEC on public works and services and equivalent EFTA Directives initiated in pursuit of setting up the internal market).
EFTA, EN 1990 EN 1991 prEN 1992 prEN 1993 prEN 1994 prEN 1995 prEN 1996 prEN 1997 EN 1998 EN 1999 - - - 1 The Structural Eurocode programme comprises the following standards generally consisting of a number of Parts:
EN 1990, Eurocode: Basis of Structural Design
EN 1991 Eurocode 1: Actions on structures
prEN 1992 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures
prEN 1993 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures
prEN 1994 Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures
prEN 1995 Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures
prEN 1996 Eurocode 6: Design of masonry structures
prEN 1997 Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design
EN 1998 Eurocode 8: Design of
structures for earthquake resistance
EN 1999 Eurocode 9: Design of
aluminium structures
Eurocode standards recognize the
responsibility of regulatory authorities in each Member State and have safeguarded their right to determine values related to regulatory safety matters at national level where these continue to vary from State to State.
The Member States of the EU and EFTA recognize that Eurocodes serve as reference documents for the following purposes:
- as a means to prove compliance of building and civil engineering works with the essential requirements of Council Directive 89/106/EEC, particularly Essential Requirement N - as a basis for specifying contracts for construction works and related engineering services;
- as a framework for drawing up
1 Agreement between the Commission of the European Communities and the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) concerning the work on EUROCODES for the design of building and civil
ETAs).
interpretative documents shall:
a) give concrete form to the essential requirements by harmonizing the terminology and the technical bases and indicating classes or levels for each requirement where necessary;
b) indicate methods of correlating these classes or levels of requirement with the technical specifications, e.g. methods of calculation and of proof, technical rules for project design, etc.;
c) serve as a reference for the establishment of harmonized standards and guidelines for European technical approvals.
The Eurocodes, de facto , play a similar role in the field of the ER 1 and a part of ER 2.. 2 3 а?) b) с?) engineering works (BC/CEN/03/89).
harmonized technical specifications for construction products (ENs and ETAs).
The Eurocodes, as far as they concern the construction works themselves, have a direct relationship with the Interpretative Documents 2 referred to in Article 12 of the CPD, although they are of a different nature from harmonized product standards 3 . Therefore, technical aspects arising from the Eurocodes work need to be adequately considered by CEN Technical Committees and/or EOTA Working Groups working on product standards with a view to achieving full compatibility of these technical specifications with the Eurocodes.
The Eurocode standards provide common structural design rules for everyday use for the design of whole structures and component products of both a traditional and an innovative nature. Unusual forms of construction or design conditions are not specifically covered and additional expert consideration will be required by the designer in such cases.
The National Standards implementing Eurocodes will comprise the full text of the Eurocode (including any Annexes), as published by CEN, which may be preceded by a National title page and National foreword, and may be followed by a National Annex.
The National Annex may only contain - - - - - - EN 1991-1-2 4 4.3.2 information on those parameters which are left open in the Eurocode for national choice, known as Nationally Determined Parameters, to be used for the design of buildings and civil engineering works to be constructed in the country concerned, i.e. :
- values and/or classes where alternatives are given in the Eurocode;
- values to be used where a symbol only is given in the Eurocode;
- country specific data (geographical, climatic, etc), e.g. snow map;
- the procedure to be used where alternative procedures are given in the Eurocode.
It may also contain:
- decisions on the application of informative annexes and
- references to non-contradictory complementary information to assist the user to apply the Eurocode.
LINKS BETWEEN EUROCODES AND HARMONIZED TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS (ENs AND ETAs) FOR PRODUCTS
There is a need for consistency between the harmonized technical specifications for construction products and the technical rules for works 4 . Furthermore, all the information accompanying the CE Marking of the construction products which refer to Eurocodes should clearly mention which Nationally Determined Parameters have been taken into account.
EN 1991-1-2 describes the thermal and mechanical actions for the structural design of buildings exposed to fire, including the following aspects:
Safety requirements
EN 1991-1-2 is intended for clients (e.g. for the formulation of their specific requirements), designers, contractors and relevant authorities.
The general objectives of fire protection are to limit risks with respect to the individual - - - - - - 5 2.2, 3.2(4) and 4.2.3.3 of ID N Construction Products Directive
89/106/EEC gives the following essential requirement for the limitation of fire risks:
“The construction works must be designed and built in such a way, that in the event of an outbreak of fire
- the load bearing resistance of the construction can be assumed for a specified period of time,
- the generation and spread of fire and smoke within the works are limited,
- the spread of fire to neighbouring construction works is limited,
- the occupants can leave the works or can be rescued by other means,
- the safety of rescue teams is taken into consideration".
According to the Interpretative Document N The fire parts of Structural Eurocodes deal with specific aspects of passive fire protection in terms of designing structures and parts thereof for adequate load bearing resistance and for limiting fire spread as relevant.
Required functions and levels of performance can be specified either in terms of nominal (standard) fire resistance rating, generally given in national fire regulations or, where allowed by national fire regulations, by referring to fire safety engineering for assessing passive and active measures.
Supplementary requirements concerning, for example:
- the possible installation and maintenance of sprinkler systems;
- - - conditions on occupancy of building or fire compartment;
- the use of approved insulation and coating materials, including their maintenance are not given in this document, because they are subject to specification by the competent authority.
Numerical values for partial factors and other reliability elements are given as recommended values that provide an acceptable level of
